Yuhuuu...
Assalamu'alaikum wr. wb. Meet again with a new post hehehe. Here, I want to share a new knowledge for you guys called Semantics. Yaa, masih lingkungan Linguistics juga. Okay guys, check it out !!
The study of the linguistic meaning of morphemes, words,
phrases, and sentences is called semantics.
Kajiannya berada pada struktur batiniah (deep structure). According to Muljana
(1965:11), semantics is a branch of linguistics that focus on word meaning, asal-usul
kata, word development, and cause of word changing.
In semantics, we can see it from two perspectives, they
are from the speaker and from linguistic. Let’see !!!
A.
Sense
a. Speaker-sense, is
the speaker intention in producing some linguistic expression. It is related to
non-literal meaning and implied or pragmatic meaning.
b. Linguistic-sense, is
the literal meaning of a linguistics expression as a part of language. There are various types of
linguistics sense that are possible among words, some of them are :
1.
Polysemy
Polysemy is a
condition when there are some words which have more than one sense or a range
of meanings (many meanings). Example :
In English :
Book -> dapat
bermakna buku atau bisa juga memesan.
In Bahasa :
Bisa -> dapat
bermakna bisa, dapat atau bermakna racun.
2.
Synonymy
A condition when some
words have the same sense or values for all their semantic features.
Singkatnya, synonymy itu memiliki bentuk berbeda but have same meaning. Example
:
Friend = buddy = pal
3.
Hyponymy
and Hypernymy
Hyponymy is
nama/bentuk yang berada di bawah bentuk lain. Sedangkan, hypernymy berada di atas
(membawahi bentuk lain). For example :
4.
Antonymy
Antonymy is a
relationship between words indicates oppositeness of meaning. Jadi, antonymy
itu merupakan lawan kata. Examples :
Happy -> Sad
Dilligent -> Lazy
B.
Types of
Meaning
a.
Dennotative
Meaning
In Bahasa, denotative
means makna yang sebenarnya. Example :
Kursi -> Tempat
duduk
Flower -> sesuatu
yang muncul dari tanaman
b.
Connotative
Meaning
Connotation means
makna tidak sebenarnya from a word. Usually in Bahasa, we can found it from
poetry. Example :
Bunga (Flower) ->
Gadis cantik
Kursi -> Jabatan
References
Baskaran, Loga
Mahesan. 2005. A Linguistic Primer for Malaysians. Kuala Lumpur : University
Malaya Press.
Chaer, Abdul.
Linguistik Umum. (pdf)
Thankyou for joining and visiting us. Hope you like and understand it hehe. I am sorry if there is any typo or mistake. I really appreciate you who want to comment or give a suggestion, or maybe menambahkan materinya. See you at my next post.
Wassalamu'alaikum. wr. wb
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